Week # 08 "Knowledge Codification"

Knowledge Codification  involves the following:

• Tacit knowledge is converted into explicit knowledge.
• Undocumented information into documented information.
• Before accessing the knowledge it is organized.
• Tacit knowledge is familiar in a way that will make highest return for the business.
• Explicit knowledge is organized, categorized, indexed and accessed.
• Codification tools include the decision trees, decision tables etc.

Benefits of Knowledge Codification

• Instruction/training: promoting training of junior personnel on the basis of the knowledge captured by the senior employees.

• Prediction: assuming the possible conclusion of a given state and hinting a proper warning or suggestion for correct action.

• Diagnosis: tackle the identifiable symptoms of certain factors.

• Planning/scheduling: planning a complete course of action before any steps is taken.

Some Codification Tools

• Knowledge Map: The knowledge is represented visually and it is not a repository. It is used to fill knowledge gaps. This can be used to capture knowledge. Knowledge mapping is quite helpful in order to visualize and survey the complex system. Key are taken out from database or literature and put in tabular form as lists of facts. Then the tabled relationships are joined to form networks to get the knowledge maps.

• Decision Table: It is like a spreadsheet. The decision table has a list of conditions, rules and actions. Each condition is match up with the conclusion.

• Decision Tree: It is a hierarchically arranged semantic network. The node represents the goals and the links in the decision tree represents the outcomes/decisions. Apart from the root node all nodes are illustrated as the primary goal. The decision tree is a step before the knowledge codification.

• Frames: The frame represents the knowledge about a particular idea in a data structure. In order to understand the problem domain easily the frames handles the combination of declarative and operational knowledge.

• Production Rules: The tacit knowledge codification is in the form of premise-action pair. The premise is a Boolean expression that is true for the rule that is applied. Rules are conditional statement that tells an action to be taken if any condition is true. The action part of the rule is separated from the premise by the keyword THEN and if there are series of statements separated by AND's or comma's and is executed if the premise is true. The form is IF… THEN, or IF…THEN…ELSE.

• Case-based Reasoning: CBR is reasons from related past cases in a way the humans’ use their past experiences to reach conclusions. The goal of the CBR is to get the alike historical cases that matches the current case.

• Knowledge-Based Agents: It is a program code which is that performs independent action in an appropriate way. They are programmed to interact with other agents or humans by using agent communication language. In terms of knowledge-based systems, an agent can be programmed to learn from the user behavior and deduce future behavior for assisting the user.